How do lab test results differ between bacterial and viral infections?

Bacterial infections and viral infections exhibit distinct patterns in lab test results due to the different ways pathogens respond and interact with the immune system.

The correct choice indicates that bacterial infections typically involve the isolation of specific pathogens through culture techniques and are associated with elevated white blood cell counts, particularly an increase in neutrophils. This response is part of the body's immune defense against bacteria, which leads to a noticeable rise in white blood cell production.

In contrast, viral infections may not always present with a high white blood cell count, as the immune response can vary depending on the type of virus and the individual’s response. Also, viral infections are often not confirmed via blood cultures but rather through serological tests or PCR methods that detect viral antigens or nucleic acids.

By understanding these differences, lab assistants can accurately interpret test results and play a crucial role in guiding clinical decision-making for the appropriate treatment of infections.