What is primarily studied in a microbiology lab?

In a microbiology lab, the primary focus is on the study of microorganisms. This encompasses a wide range of tiny organisms that can only be seen under a microscope, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Understanding these microorganisms is crucial for various applications, such as identifying pathogens that cause diseases, developing antibiotics, and examining the role of microorganisms in ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles.

The study of microorganisms also includes their behavior, genetics, and metabolism, which are critical for advancements in medicine, agriculture, and environmental science. Thus, the fundamental objective of a microbiology lab is to explore how these microscopic entities interact with their environment and affect other forms of life, making option B the most relevant choice.