What is the purpose of performing a reticulocyte count?

Performing a reticulocyte count is primarily used to measure bone marrow function. Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells that are released into the bloodstream. Their count provides vital information about the bone marrow's ability to produce red blood cells in response to the body's demands, such as during anemia or after significant blood loss. An increased reticulocyte count often indicates that the bone marrow is working properly and responding to a need for more red blood cells. Conversely, a low reticulocyte count may suggest a problem with the bone marrow's ability to produce these cells, which can be due to various conditions, including aplastic anemia or chronic disease.

This test is not designed to directly assess liver function, evaluate cholesterol levels, or diagnose infections, making it specific to evaluating bone marrow activity related to red blood cell production.