What type of sample can be analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy?

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique that allows for the quantitative determination of elements in various types of samples. It operates based on the principle that free atoms absorb specific wavelengths of light, which is related to the concentration of the element being analyzed.

The reason the choice indicating both solid and liquid samples is the correct answer lies in the versatility of sample preparation in AAS. Solid samples can be introduced to the AAS system through methods such as dissolution in a suitable solvent, acid digestion, or by direct solid sampling techniques. Liquids can be directly aspirated into the atomizer for analysis without the need for extensive preparation, making it very suitable for various liquid types like biological fluids, water, and other solutions.

While gaseous samples fall outside the typical applications of atomic absorption spectroscopy, solid and liquid samples encompass a wide range of materials that can be analyzed effectively with this technique. Thus, the capability to analyze both solid and liquid samples makes this method widely applicable in environmental analysis, clinical laboratories, and quality control in various industries.