What type of samples are typically tested using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a powerful molecular biology technique primarily used to amplify specific DNA sequences. This amplification process allows for the detection and analysis of very small amounts of DNA, making it invaluable in various fields, particularly in medical diagnostics. The typical samples tested using PCR include those containing DNA, such as samples taken from individuals suspected of having infectious diseases or genetic disorders.

In infectious disease testing, for example, PCR can identify the presence of specific pathogens by amplifying their genetic material, which is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, in genetic testing, PCR can help detect mutations or anomalies in DNA that may be linked to hereditary diseases.

While other sample types like blood, urine, and saliva are useful in various medical tests and screenings, they usually do not utilize PCR for their primary analyses. Blood samples may undergo other types of tests for routine checks, urine samples are often tested for substances rather than DNA, and saliva samples are typically analyzed without the need for PCR. Thus, the nature of PCR's function aligns perfectly with DNA analysis, making it the most appropriate analysis for detecting infectious agents and genetic conditions.